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Description
4-6 ft long, tail 2-3 ft, 2-2.5 ft. high at shoulder, 125-250
lbs, males larger and captive animals larger. Coat yellowish-brown
but varies from near white to black, chest pale with black spots
on belly, back marked with dark rosettes containing black spots.
Lower part of tail ringed with black, black mark on lower jaw
near the mouth. Outer surface of ear black with white stripe.
Heavier and more compact body than leopards, with a broad, 'bulldog'
face.
Habitat
tropical rain forest, swamps and open country, including desert
and savanna; prefers good cover and easy access to water.
Niche
carnivorous: prey includes medium-sized mammals, birds, reptiles,
amphibians, fish and eggs. Often buries prey in caches. Swims
and climbs well, but will usually stalk prey on the ground by
ambush; not a sprinter. Solitary and territorial, marking with
urine and scratches. Usually grunts, snarls or growls rather than
roaring.
Life History
Gestation 3-3.5 mo, 2-4 cubs born blind, 1.5-2 lbs. Cubs stay
with mother about 2 yrs, mature at 3 yrs. Life span to 20+ yrs
in captivity.
Status
Uncommon, but present in almost all forested areas on the Tahuayo
River side of the reserve; fairly common on the Yavari-Miri side.
This species
is listed as endangered and commercial trade of this species is
prohibited by international law. Its requirements for large territory
to provide sufficient numbers of prey animals are more difficult
to meet in many areas. Poaching is still a significant problem.
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